Comprehensive Study Guide: Writing a Discursive Essay
A discursive essay is a balanced exploration of a topic, presenting arguments and counterarguments before concluding with your own perspective. Unlike persuasive essays, it doesn’t aim to convince but rather encourages critical thinking and a deeper understanding of the issue. For the Leaving Certificate, a discursive essay requires clear structure, nuanced arguments, and engaging language.
What is a Discursive Essay?
A discursive essay:
- Explores multiple perspectives: It presents both sides of an argument or issue.
- Engages the reader: Through logical reasoning and thoughtful insights.
- Concludes with a stance: Based on the evidence and discussion presented.The Structure of a Discursive EssayWriting a discursive essay is like leading a debate. Each section has a purpose:1. The IntroductionIntroduce the topic and explain its relevance. Clearly outline what the essay will explore without giving away your conclusion.
• Example: “The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) has sparked heated debates worldwide. While some see it as a tool for progress, others warn of its potential dangers. This essay will examine both sides of the argument.”
Pro Tip: Use a question or a striking fact to hook the reader.
Body Paragraphs
The body of the essay is where you present your arguments and counterarguments. Each paragraph should:
- Focus on one point.
- Be supported by evidence, examples, or quotes.
- Transition smoothly to the next idea.
- Example (Pro-Argument): “Supporters of AI argue that it has revolutionized industries, improving efficiency and innovation. For instance, AI-powered diagnostics have significantly advanced healthcare, enabling early detection of diseases.”
- Example (Counterargument): “However, critics caution that AI could lead to widespread job displacement. According to a 2023 report, automation threatens to replace over 20% of jobs within the next decade.”3. The ConclusionSummarize the key points discussed and present your stance, ensuring it’s well-supported by the arguments made.
• Example: “While AI presents undeniable opportunities for progress, its ethical implications and potential to disrupt livelihoods cannot be ignored. Striking a balance between innovation and responsibility is essential.”
Pro Tip: End with a thought-provoking statement or question to leave a lasting impression.
Techniques to Enhance Your Writing
1. Use Formal but Accessible Language
A discursive essay should maintain a professional tone while remaining readable.
• Example: “The potential benefits of AI are numerous; however, the ethical dilemmas
it presents warrant careful consideration.”
2. Include Real-World Examples
Ground your arguments in reality to make them relatable and credible.
• Example: “In 2022, AI algorithms were used to predict natural disasters, saving
countless lives through early evacuations.”
3. Acknowledge Complexity
Avoid oversimplifying. Recognize that most issues are nuanced and multifaceted.
• Example: “While some argue that renewable energy is the solution to climate change, challenges such as storage and cost must also be addressed.”
Common Pitfalls to Avoid
- One-Sided Arguments: Presenting only one perspective weakens the essay’s depth.
- Overloading with Information: Be selective with facts and focus on quality overquantity.
- Weak Conclusions: Ensure your stance is clear and supported.
Example Discursive Essay Title: Social Media: A Blessing or a Curse?
Introduction: Social media has transformed how we connect, share, and communicate. While it offers unparalleled opportunities for interaction, it also raises concerns about mental health, privacy, and misinformation. This essay will explore both sides of the debate.
Body Paragraphs:
- On one hand, social media fosters global connections. Platforms like Instagram and Twitter allow individuals to share ideas and build communities. For instance, during the pandemic, virtual events brought people together despite physical isolation.
- On the other hand, studies have linked social media use to increased anxiety and depression. A 2021 survey revealed that 60% of teenagers felt social media negatively impacted their self-esteem.
- Furthermore, the spread of misinformation is a growing issue. False news articles shared on Facebook during the 2020 US elections were viewed by millions, highlighting the platform’s role in shaping public opinion.Conclusion: Social media is neither inherently good nor bad. Its impact depends on how it’s used. By promoting digital literacy and responsible usage, we can harness its benefits while mitigating its drawbacks.Practice Prompts
- Discuss whether climate change policies should prioritize economic growth or environmental protection.
- Explore the pros and cons of implementing a universal basic income.
- Debate whether technology is making us more connected or more isolated.
- Examine the impact of fast fashion on the environment and society.
- Argue whether school curriculums should prioritize STEM subjects over the arts.
Final Thought
A discursive essay is your chance to showcase critical thinking and balanced analysis. By presenting multiple perspectives and supporting your stance with evidence, you can craft a compelling piece that engages the reader and earns top marks